indonesia ethnic groups

The burial tradition for these ethnic groups is very rich and complex with begu rituals performed on the body. Some groups continue to live in remote areas, where interaction with peoples and cultures beyond their proximate surroundings is limited. 9.87% are Christian, 1.69% are Hindu, 0.72% are Buddhist and 0.56% practice other faiths. Other ethnic groups in Indonesia include Madurese, Betawi, Minangkabau, Buginese, Malay, and Bantenese. Jakarta. Indonesians are characterized by smallness of stature, light to dark-brown pigmentation, thick, sleek black hair, broad formation of … Types Of Crimes By Number Of Offenses In The US, The 10 Biggest Shopping Malls In The World. The first group, the historically Hinduized (but now primarily Muslim) wet-rice growers of inland Java, Madura, and Bali, make up nearly three-fifths of the national population. The population of Indonesia in 1900 was 38 million inhabitants. The ethnic group is divided into sub-groups including Mataram, Osing, Cirebonese, Samin, Tenggerese, Naganese, and Boyanese. Sumatra. In addition to this diverse population, Indonesia is also the world's most populous Muslim-majority country, as just over 87% of Indonesians declared Muslim on the 2010 census. Europe Map. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Typical of the coastal peoples are the Ambonese, who live along the coasts of Ambon and neighbouring islands, including western Ceram. We Javanese are considered as polite, smooth-speaking people. The third largest ethnicity is Batak from North Sumatra with 8.5 million people, accounting … The largest economy in Southeast Asia, Indonesia – a diverse archipelago nation of more than 300 ethnic groups – has charted impressive economic growth since overcoming the … The most prominent of the swiddeners are the Toraja of southern Celebes, the Batak of the highlands of northern Sumatra, and the various communities of the interior of Kalimantan, such as the Kenyah, Kayan, Ngaju, and Embaloh, who officially (and collectively) are called Dayak. Usually the similarity is in terms of heredity, language, biological characteristics, or behavior and culture. Like most Indonesian peoples, they are rice farmers; however, they are also maritime peoples with a strong tradition of boat making. Indonesia's motto "Unity in Diversity'" signifies the country's myriad of cultures and ethnicities with all its people living together largely in peace. Rituals evolve around individual’s life cycle from birth to death. Dutch policy allowed proselytization by Protestants and Catholics among separate groups who followed traditional religions; thus today many ethnic groups are exclusively Protestant or Roman Catholic. The latest count at the end of 1995 showed it had 195.3 million inhabitants. Batak. These ethnic groups each account for at least 2% of the country’s population. Some of the people living in the mountainous interior regions have been relocated to coastal areas, but—unlike the coastal peoples—they do not usually engage in fishing activities. The Javanese, found on the island of Java, make up more than 40% of the population of Indonesia. New Guinea. Indonesia - Ethnic groups Photo by: erwinova The indigenous peoples, ethnologically referred to as Malays or Indonesians, also are found on the neighboring islands of the Philippines, in Peninsular Malaysia, and even as far away as Taiwan and Madagascar. Since independence, Indonesian (a form of Malay and the official national language) is the language of most written communication, education, government, and business. On bad side, Javanese are tend to hide our true feeling, we talk about people behind them, and one day — the emotions are exploding like an erupting volcano. Family portrait, Tana Toraja; People of Angguruk, Papua; People from Waur, Kei Besar, Maluku; The ethnic diversity of Indonesia may be staggering, but the demography is dominated by a few main groups (more details in this article) Javanese are also found in Malaysia, South Africa, Netherland, and Singapore. Batak. The third largest ethnicity is Batak from North Sumatra with 8.5 million people, accounting … Definition: This entry provides an ordered listing of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population. The Javanese constitute Indonesia’s largest ethnic group, accounting for roughly one-third of the total population. The Republic of Indonesia, the world’s largest island, is located in Southeast Asia with part of its territory in the Oceania. note 1: according to Indonesia's National Coordinating Agency for Survey and Mapping, the total number of islands in the archipelago is 13,466, of which 922 are permanently inhabited (Indonesia is the world's largest country comprised solely of islands); the country straddles the equator and occupies a strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from the … Geography - note. In particular, Bali—with its long tradition of Hindu and Buddhist influences rooted in local religious practices—is quite different in character and customs from any other part of Indonesia. Their language has heavily influenced the Indonesian language, while like many other Indonesians, they follow a heavily adapted version of Islam that is dependent on l… These ethnic groups are found mainly in the North Sumatra in Indonesia. Batak’s major occupation is agriculture, fishing, and hunting. Photo by: erwinova. Indonesia is a culturally very diverse nation. These communities tend to be small and relatively isolated, and they represent a wide array of cultures. The Moluccas reflect this pattern, although their proximity to the western islands makes them a more complex ethnographic and linguistic area. The islands are populated by a number of distinct ethnic groups. As early as the 1st century the population was estimated at 2 million people in this rich tropical environment. The distinction between coastal and interior peoples is especially salient in western New Guinea, where maritime trading communities live along the coast, while agrarian, noncommercial societies with strongly developed and highly localized customs inhabit the interior. The Minangkabau, a community of devout Muslim wet-rice farmers in west-central Sumatra, hold a unique position in Indonesia as a matrilineal society, whereby inheritance and descent are reckoned through the female line. The Menadonese (Minahasan) of northern Celebes are also atypical in that they are a historically Hinduized, predominantly Christian coastal community. Indonesia is home to over 300 ethnic groups and 742 different dialects. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, The archipelago: its prehistory and early historical records, The arrival of Hindu religious conceptions, Growth and impact of the Dutch East India Company, The French and the British in Java, 1806–15, Indonesia from the coup to the end of the New Order, Economic crisis, public unrest, and the fall of Suharto. These ethnic groups include; Javanese people are the largest ethnic group in Indonesia with a population of over 100 million (40.2%) according to the 2011 census. Javanese values are promoted by cultural expressions such as dance, batik, gamelan, and wayang. There are thousands of ethnic identities in Indonesia and people identify quite strongly with their roots. Bali. Many Indonesians may see themselves first by their ethnic and cultural group and secondly as Indonesians. But it is not tribalism gone mad. There are 1,340 recognised ethnic groups in Indonesia.The vast majority of those belong to the Austronesian peoples.. Based on ethnic classification, the largest ethnic group in Indonesia is the Javanese who make up about 40% of the total population. Jakarta. Indigenous ethnic groups Best-fit genomic mixture proportions of Austronesians in Island Southeast Asia and their inferred population movements. Java’s western region, including the city of Bandung, is the homeland of the Sundanese, who are related to but quite distinct from the Javanese in language and tradition. There is ethnic-based violence in Indonesia. Other ethnic groups in Indonesia include Madurese, Betawi, Minangkabau, Buginese, Malay, and Bantenese. The country is sandwiched between Pacific and Indian Oceans. Geography of Indonesia. Indonesia's motto "Unity in Diversity'" signifies the country's myriad of cultures and ethnicities with all its people living together largely in peace. In addition, Indonesians from the western islands have mixed with indigenous peoples in the coastal trading settlements. Ethnic groups are a group of people who have something in common between one member and another. These ethnic groups collectively account for 3.65% of the total population in Indonesia. As released by IDN times in 2016, some bad effects from the stereotype are the battle among other groups. English: The map of ethnic groups in Indonesia. Maluku is the place of Indonesia where the population seems the most mixed. Sundanese people occupy mainly the western part of Indonesia and numbers approximately 40 million representing 15.5% of the total population. Ethnic groups in Indonesia – Indonesia is a large country with an area of 1,990,250 km² with various ethnic groups in it. Away from the major cities and areas of dense population, there are significant variations from one valley to the next and almost from one village to the next. The Balinese, who live just to the east of Java on Bali, are known for their intricate irrigation systems and terraced rice fields. The regions of Indonesia have some of their indigenous ethnic groups. With an ancient culture informed by strong social and agricultural traditions, it includes the Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese, and Balinese peoples. You also begin throughout Indonesia to get real resentment of local indigenous populations to the transmigration policies of the Suharto government, which often meant moving Muslim Javanese into areas where another ethnic group was dominant and this led to competition for land, resources, and eventually for power. The territory of the Republic of Indonesia stretches from 6°08′ N latitude to 11°15′ S latitude, and from 94°45′ E to 141°05′ E longitude. It consists of five major … In terms of number and influence, nothing comes before Javanese (42% of the population) as the most prominent ethnic group in Indonesia. Kenyah men planting a rice swidden in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Indonesia is the fourth most populous nation in the world after China, India and the United States. The population growth rate is 1.9% and a relatively young population with an average median age of 28.1 years. There are two major ethnic groups in the western islands of Indonesia that do not fit into this broad scheme of cultural categorization. Borneo. The majority of Sundanese are Muslims with a very few of them being Christians and Buddhists. Ethnic groups: Javanese 40.1%, Sundanese 15.5%, Malay 3.7%, Batak 3.6%, Madurese 3%, Betawi 2.9%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Buginese 2.7%, Bantenese 2%, Banjarese 1.7%, Balinese 1.7%, Acehnese 1.4%, Dayak 1.4%, Sasak 1.3%, Chinese 1.2%, other 15% (2010 est.) Indonesia includes numerous ethnic, cultural and linguistic groups, some of which are related to each other. Lombok. How Many Serial Killers Are On The Loose Today? Ethnic Groups in Indonesia. Indonesia has the largest Muslim population of any country in the world, and many ethnic groups are exclusively Muslim. Indonesia was formerly known as the Dutch East Indies (or Netherlands East Indies). Most Javanese live in the densely settled, irrigated agricultural regions of central and eastern Java—the most populous parts of the country . All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2021 worldatlas.com, Largest Ethnic Groups And Nationalities In The United States, 10 Countries Where Women Far Outnumber Men, The Most Famous Serial Killers In America And Their Twisted Crimes. Javanese culture flourished in Indonesia and the oldest civilization that has been influenced by other cultures over time. 3) In addition there are many cultural influences stemming back from difference in heritage. The Javanese constitute Indonesia’s largest ethnic group, accounting for roughly one-third of the total population. Indonesia was formerly known as the Dutch East Indies (or Netherlands East Indies). Indonesians are a mix of Chinese, European, Indian, and Malay. Most Papuans of the interior regions live in small communities and maintain a complex of dialects, customs, and social structures that is distinct from that of the coastal peoples. Indonesia’s islands are homes to a diverse ethnic and religious group which have given rise to a large number of cultural practices. The island of Madura, northeast of Java, is the homeland of the Madurese, Indonesia’s third largest ethnic group. The map was redrawn and made based on a large map of "Peta Suku Bangsa di Indonesia" displayed in Ethnography Room in National Museum of Indonesia, Jakarta. Toraja, Sulawesi. The Sundanese are the second largest ethnic group in Indonesia. To make matter worse, due to these perceptions cling to particular groups, it then triggers riot and encourages tension among ethnic groups in Indonesia. There are underlying issues of political and economic power. Indonesia has more than 13 islands with an estimated population of 237.6 million people spread across the islands. The largest economy in Southeast Asia, Indonesia – a diverse archipelago nation of more than 300 ethnic groups – has charted impressive economic growth since overcoming the Asian financial crisis of … They identify with the bilateral kinship system that considers both male and female equally important in the society. Major ethnic groups include Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese and Malay. Indonesia is linguistically extremely diverse. Indonesia also has the largest diaspora with over 8 million people spread across the world especially in countries such as Malaysia, UAE, US, Saudi Arabia, South Korea and Australia. The ethnic group is largely agricultural with rice being the main crop cultivated. note 1: according to Indonesia's National Coordinating Agency for Survey and Mapping, the total number of islands in the archipelago is 13,466, of which 922 are permanently inhabited (Indonesia is the world's largest country comprised solely of islands); the country straddles the equator and occupies a strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from the … The majority of these sub-groups are Muslims while a minority identify with Christianity. Those in the foothills and on the coast have affinities with other Melanesian cultures to the east and south of New Guinea. Indonesia is the largest archipelago in the world. The fact that the army (known as ABRI) high command still holds real power behind the new president, B.J. Sulawesi. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Batak societies are patriarchally organized around clans called Marga with fierce warriors guarding the clans. They dominate the government, economy, culture, almost every sector. The burial ceremony also includes reburial of bones of ancestors. Indonesia is a sovereign archipelago in Southeast Asia and the fourth most populous country on earth after China, India, and the United States.. Indonesia Demographics. Eastern Indonesia is characterized by the traditional Melanesian cultural division between coastal, or “beach,” peoples and interior, or “bush,” peoples. Javanese are known to be diligent, friendly, open-minded / highly tolerant, and good in politic. The second group, the more strongly Islamized coastal peoples, is ethnically heterogeneous and includes the Malays from Sumatra and, from southern Celebes, the Makassarese and Bugis. Its ethnic composition is characterized by variety, in fact wide variety, as the country contains hundreds of different ethnic groups and cultures. Most Javanese live in the densely settled, irrigated agricultural regions of central and eastern Java—the most populous parts of the country. 271 million (2019). Visit the UNICEF websitefor some very interesting statistics covering population, health… The local inhabitant highlands of the island of central Sulawesi, Toraja tribe are … In many cases the highland groups of the larger islands—Borneo, Sumatra, and Celebes—were relatively untouched by international influences until the arrival of Christian missionaries during the 19th century; these upland peoples continue to reflect great cultural diversity. The Batak value education and prominent professional positions especially doctors, teachers, lawyers, and engineers. The Makassarese and Bugis have a pronounced presence in coastal towns throughout Indonesia, although their influence has been strongest outside Java. These are the inland wet-rice (irrigated rice) societies, the coastal trading, farming, and fishing peoples, and the inland societies of shifting cultivators. Most of these ethnic groups are predominantly farmers and a majority of their populations are Muslims. Pura Ulun, a Hindu temple on the bank of Lake Bratan, Bali, Indonesia. The ethnic group has borrowed a lot of its culture from the Javanese except for the less rigid systems. They occupy mainly the central and eastern parts of the island. The culture of this ethnic group demonstrates concern for elegance and refinement, courtesy, emotional restraint, politeness and consciousness to one’s social status. The tribes that are categorized as Batak are: Batak Toba, Batak Karo, Batak Pakpak, Batak Simalungun, Batak Angkola, and Batak Mandailing. Geography - note. Batak tribe is one of the largest ethnic groups in Indonesia. The indigenous peoples, ethnologically referred to as Malays or Indonesians, also are found on the neighboring islands of the Philippines, in Peninsular Malaysia, and even as far away as Taiwan and Madagascar. The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated. The third group, the inland shifting cultivators, plant swiddens—fields that are cleared, cultivated for a few seasons, and then abandoned for several years to allow the soil to regenerate—in areas where the climate will not support wet-rice farming. Indonesia Religion, Economy and Politics. Total Area of Indonesia is 1,919,440 sq km (Land Area: 1,826,440 sq … As one of the most ethnically diverse societies, Indonesia consists of 1,300 ethnic groups with at least 95 percent native to the archipelago. Though these sub-groups are distinct, their languages and customs are related. Factbook > Countries > Indonesia > Demographics. 4) Although Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world it also has a large number of Christian Protestants, Catholics, Hindus and … In addition to cultivating wet-rice paddies, many Madurese raise cattle. The Makassarese and Bugis live primarily in the coastal regions of southern Celebes. As this is well over 90 million people, that means that the Javanese are used to living in tight quarters!

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